ABSTRACT
Background: The occipital bone develops partly in cartilage and partly in membrane. The squamous part of occipital bone between two parietal bones occasionally presents a separate bones which are termed as inca, pre-interparietal bone or interparietal bone. Aims & Objective: (1) To determine the incidence of interparietal bone in skulls of Gujarat region. (2) To study different anomalies of interparietal bone and compare it with other studies. Material and Methods: Total 289 dried macerated skulls from Gujarat region were studied for incidence and type of interparietal bone anomaly. Results: Out of total 289 skulls interparietal bone was found in 23 bones giving incidence of 7.96%. Eight different varieties of interparietal bone anomalies were found and noted. Conclusion: Different anomalies of interparietal bone can be easily interpreted using the knowledge of ossification of interparietal part of occipital bone. Pre-interparietal bone is a misnomer and should not be reported separately.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: A study of placental vasculature pattern was undertaken by using corrosion cast technique. The placenta is a highly vascularised organ. In this study we aimed to elucidate the structure of the cotyledonary vasculature of the human placenta after delivery, which serves as a core for the shape of the whole foetal villosity. Material & Method: Appropriate cast material was injected through placental vessels to form a corrosion cast model of placental blood vessels which was followed by meticulous dissection. Results: The cast models demonstrated very well the Hyrtl anastomosis between the umbilical arteries in the vicinity of the umbilical cord insertion into the placenta but no extra-placental anastomosis found between umbilical artery and umbilical vein. The chorionic vasculature exhibits a combination of the dichotomous and monopodial patterns. The chorionic vessels branch through 6 to 8 generations from the cord insertion towards the margins of the chorionic plate. The vein bifurcated twice immediately after insertion into the placenta. Conclusion: 3-dimensional structure of placenta can be demonstrated by micro vascular casts which reflect the shape of the whole or part of the organ, and include specific details such as the capillary architectural structure. Macroscopic visualisation can technically be advanced in 3 ways: treatment of maternal and fetal circulatory systems in common or each of the 2 systems separately.